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Erzurum
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Erzurum

Erzurum
Erzurum (armene Կարին, 'Karin') estas turka urbo en la provinco Erzurum en la orienta Turkio, kun ĉ. 421 000 loĝantoj (2004). La urbo estis origine konata en la armena sub la nomo Karno K'aghak' (armene: Կարնո քաղաք), kiu signifas urbo de Karin.

Ĝi situas en alto de 1 950 m, sur produktiva ebenaĵo, apud la karavana vojo inter Anatolio kaj Irano. Ĝi estas grava komerca kaj militista centro ekde la mezepoko. Nun ĝi estas la plej granda fervoja stacio inter Ankaro kaj Irano.
La urbo havis la nomon Theodosiopolis en la Bizanca imperio. La urbon nomumis la araboj kaj turkoj ekde la 14-a jarcento kiel Arzan ar-Rum aŭ Arz ar-Rum, el kio venas la hodiaŭa nomo.

=KTML_Bold=Historio=KTML_End=
La loko graviĝis nur en la 5-a jarcento kiel bizanca fortikaĵo. Ĝin okupis araboj en 653, ekde tiam konkurbatalis por ĝi la bizanca imperio, araboj kaj armenoj, dum fine okupis ĝin la selĝukaj turkoj en 1071. La urbo floris en la 13-a jarcento dum regado de la selĝukaj sultanoj.
Ĝi venis sub osmanan regaon en 1515. La urbon okupis rusaj taĉmentoj en 1829, 1878 kaj 1916–18 (Batalo de Erzurum).
En julio de 1919, en Erzurum prezidis Mustafa Kemal en la unua turka nacia kongreso, kiu poste decidis pri establo de la Turka Respubliko.

=KTML_Bold=Turismo=KTML_End=
Gravaj konstruaĵoj estis:
Selĝukaj teologiaj altlernejoj (fonditaj en 1253 kaj 1308)
Granda Moskeo (13-a jc.)
Reĝaj maŭzoleoj (12-a kaj 13-a jc.).

=KTML_Bold=Aliaj informoj=KTML_End=
En la urbo funkcias la Universitato Atatürk (ekde 1957).
Erzurum gravas kiel bestokomerca centro, dum la urbo ne havas gravan industrian branĉon (krom sukerfabrikoj). La lokaj metiistoj pretigas metalvarojn kaj selojn.
Gravaj agrikulturaj produktoj estas la tritiko, hordeo, milio, sukerbeto kaj legomoj.
[1]
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[1] Website | Esperanto | wikipedia
Linked items: 21
1. Places ئەرزڕۆم
2. Places Erzurum
3. Places تاوسکر
4. Places ارزروم
5. Places Erzurum
6. Places Erzurum
7. Places Erzurum
8. Places ארזורום
9. Places Էրզրում
10. Places Ερζερούμ
11. Places Арзурум
12. Places Erzurum
13. Places Erzurum
14. Places Ерзурум
15. Places Erzurum
17. Places Ерзурум
18. Places Erzurum
19. Places Erzuruma
20. Places Erzurum
21. Places Ерзурум
Group: Places
Articles language: Esperanto
Cities: Arzurom
Country - Province: North Kurdistan
Ethnic Change: Has been Turkishized
Language - Dialect: Kurdish - Zazaki
Language - Dialect: Turkish
Language - Dialect: Kurdish - Badini
Place: City
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Item Quality: 99%
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Added by ( Shadi Akoyi ) on 17-09-2024
This article has been reviewed and released by ( Hawreh Bakhawan ) on 17-09-2024
This item recently updated by ( Hawreh Bakhawan ) on: 17-09-2024
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Kurdipedia is the largest multilingual sources for Kurdish information!
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