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Afrin

Afrin
#Afrin# ist eine Stadt im Nordwesten Syriens, die mehrheitlich von Kurden bewohnt wird. Der Bezirk Afrin ist einer von elf Distrikten des syrischen Gouvernements Aleppo und besteht aus sieben Gemeinden mit insgesamt 366 Dörfern. Die Region grenzt direkt an die Türkei.
Afrin ist eines der traditionellen Olivenanbaugebiete Syriens. 13 Millionen Olivenbäume gibt es dort laut Schätzungen. Die Region ist deshalb recht bekannt für sein kaltgepresstes natives Olivenöl extra und seine Alepposeife. Viele Familien bewirtschaften eigene Olivenhaine. In der Umgebung gibt es daher jede Menge Olivenölpressen. Weizen, Granatäpfel, Weintrauben, Melonen, Feigen und Gemüse werden ebenfalls angepflanzt. Der Fluss Afrin ist die Lebensader der Region für Mensch und Natur. Der Staudamm am Afrin bildet einen künstlichen See, der von großer wirtschaftlicher Bedeutung für die Landwirtschaft, den Fischfang und den regionalen Tourismus ist.

Die ältesten archäologischen Funde und historischen Bauwerke auf dem Gebiet des heutigen Bezirks Afrin sind rund 3000 Jahre alt. Das römische Theater, der Friedhof der antiken Stadt Nabi Huri im Nordosten und das frühbyzantinische Kloster – heute Pilgerstätte, auch Zitadelle des Symeon genannt, südlich von Afrin, der Ort, an dem der der erste christliche Säulenheilige Symeon wirkte, bis er im Jahr 459 starb – gehören zu den bedeutendsten historischen Sehenswürdigkeiten der Region.

Bis zur türkischen Militäroffensive Anfang 2018 sollen in der Region Afrin nahezu 350.000 -500.000 Menschen gelebt haben, darunter 125.000 geflüchtete Personen aus anderen Gebieten Syriens, vor allem aus Aleppo. Den Statistiken Ende der 1990er Jahre zufolge, stellten Araber ein Prozent der Bevölkerung von Afrin. Nachdem Anfang 2011 der Bürgerkrieg in Syrien ausgebrochen war, kamen aus benachbarten Städten und Dörfern so viele Flüchtlinge, dass der Anteil der arabischen Bevölkerung auf 15 Prozent anwuchs.

2012 zogen sich zunächst die syrischen Regierungstruppen aus Afrin zurück. Kurz danach übernahm die kurdische Miliz „Volksverteidigungseinheiten“ (YPG) die Kontrolle in der Stadt und errichtete im Jahr 2014 unter dem Namen Rojava („Westkurdistan“) drei Kantone in Afrin, Kobani und Jazira.
Am 20. Januar 2018 leitete die türkische Armee die „Operation Olivenzweig“ gegen die syrisch-kurdische Region ein. Afrin wurde am 18. März 2018 von türkischen Truppen eingenommen. Das gesamte Gebiet ist seitdem unter der Kontrolle der türkischen Armee und der mit ihr verbündeten Rebellen.

Die Menschen in Afrin zahlen einen hohen Preis für die Konflikte der mächtigen Akteure im Nahen Osten. Auf der einen Seite schwelt seit 1984 weiterhin der politische und militärische Konflikt der PKK und seiner Ableger mit der Türkei. Der Kampf zwischen der türkischen Armee und der militanten PKK (Arbeiterpartei Kurdistans) hat deutliche Spuren hinterlassen: rund 40.000 Tote, 3.500 zerstörte Dörfer, über 2,5 Millionen zur Flucht und Migration gezwungene Menschen. Der Konflikt hat die ethnische Polarisierung und den Nationalismus auf beiden Seiten verstärkt. Auf der anderen Seite tobt seit 2011 die bewaffnete Auseinandersetzung in Syrien. Den Streitkräften Syriens unter dem Kommando von Präsident Baschar al-Assad und seinen Verbündeten stehen bewaffnete, von der Türkei unterstützte Gruppierungen wie Freie Syrische Armee, Ahrar al-Sham und Hamza-Brigade gegenüber. Letztere kontrolliert nun unter türkischem Kommando Afrin und die Region.[1]
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Sources
[1] Website | Deutsch | voice-afrin.org
Linked items: 3
Group: Places
Articles language: Deutsch
Cities: Afreen
Country - Province: West Kurdistan
Ethnic Change: Changed to Turkumani
Ethnic Change: Changed to Azerbaijani
Extermination and deportation: Yes
Language - Dialect: Kurdish - Badini
Topography: Mountainous
Topography: Plain area
Technical Metadata
Item Quality: 99%
99%
Added by ( Hazhar Kamala ) on 22-09-2024
This article has been reviewed and released by ( Sara Kamela ) on 23-09-2024
This item recently updated by ( Sara Kamela ) on: 23-09-2024
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Kurdipedia is the largest multilingual sources for Kurdish information!
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Statistics
Articles
  531,854
Images
  113,286
Books
  20,686
Related files
  109,179
Video
  1,719
Language
کوردیی ناوەڕاست - Central Kurdish 
292,131
Kurmancî - Upper Kurdish (Latin) 
91,114
هەورامی - Kurdish Hawrami 
66,414
عربي - Arabic 
32,828
کرمانجی - Upper Kurdish (Arami) 
20,350
فارسی - Farsi 
11,710
English - English 
7,823
Türkçe - Turkish 
3,690
Deutsch - German 
1,809
لوڕی - Kurdish Luri 
1,690
Pусский - Russian 
1,144
Français - French 
349
Nederlands - Dutch 
131
Zazakî - Kurdish Zazaki 
91
Svenska - Swedish 
72
Polski - Polish 
56
Español - Spanish 
55
Italiano - Italian 
52
Հայերեն - Armenian 
52
لەکی - Kurdish Laki 
37
Azərbaycanca - Azerbaijani 
27
日本人 - Japanese 
21
中国的 - Chinese 
20
Norsk - Norwegian 
18
Ελληνική - Greek 
16
עברית - Hebrew 
16
Fins - Finnish 
12
Português - Portuguese 
10
Тоҷикӣ - Tajik 
9
Ozbek - Uzbek 
7
Esperanto - Esperanto 
7
Catalana - Catalana 
6
Čeština - Czech 
5
ქართველი - Georgian 
5
Srpski - Serbian 
4
Kiswahili سَوَاحِلي -  
3
Hrvatski - Croatian 
3
балгарская - Bulgarian 
2
हिन्दी - Hindi 
2
Lietuvių - Lithuanian 
2
қазақ - Kazakh 
1
Cebuano - Cebuano 
1
ترکمانی - Turkman (Arami Script) 
1
Group
English
Biography 
3,157
Articles 
2,075
Library 
2,003
Documents 
208
Image and Description 
77
Martyrs 
64
Publications 
49
Archaeological places 
44
Parties & Organizations 
36
Maps 
26
Genocide 
21
Clan - the tribe - the sect 
18
Artworks 
17
Places 
9
Statistics and Surveys 
5
Miscellaneous 
4
Video 
2
Offices 
2
Poem 
2
Womens Issues 
1
Environment of Kurdistan 
1
Dates & Events 
1
Quotes 
1
Repository
MP3 
518
PDF 
32,569
MP4 
2,852
IMG 
208,757
∑   Total 
244,696
Content search
Kurdipedia is the largest multilingual sources for Kurdish information!
Image and Description
Picture of Kurdish school children, Halabja in south Kurdistan 1965
Archaeological places
The tomb of the historian Marduk Kurdistani
Biography
Hanifi Baris
Biography
Hardawan Mahmoud Kakashekh
Biography
Haval Hussein Saeed
Library
Trial Monitoring Program Report
Archaeological places
Shemzinan Bridge
Library
International Energy Agency: Iraq Energy Outlook
Biography
Lisa Calan
Archaeological places
Cendera Bridge
Biography
Rez Gardi
Biography
Hafiz Akdemir
Articles
Paolo Ferrero: Rojava is a legacy for humanity, we must defend it!
Image and Description
The Kurdish Quarter, which is located at the bottom of Mount Canaan in Safed, Palestine in 1946
Library
Statistics of construction licence in Kurdistan Region of Iraq 2013-2018
Articles
Biden intends to stand with Syrian Kurds: Sullivan
Archaeological places
Mosque (Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi) in the city of Faraqin
Biography
Zeynep Kaya
Biography
Jasmin Moghbeli
Image and Description
Kurdish Jews from Mahabad (Saujbulak), Kurdistan, 1910
Articles
Swiss parliament recognizes Yazidi genocide by ISIS
Library
Internal trade Survey in private sector in Iraq and Kurdistan Region 2012-2013
Biography
Shilan Fuad Hussain
Biography
Raman Salah
Image and Description
A Kurdish army in Istanbul to participate in the Battle of the Dardanelles in 1918
Image and Description
AN EXAMPLE OF BAATHS SOCIALISM AND DEMOCRACY IN KURDISTAN OF IRAQ
Articles
US Senators introduce bill seeking sanctions on Turkey
Archaeological places
Hassoun Caves
Articles
German FM labels Kobane as a symbol of Kurdish resistance against ISIS
Library
Building license report at the level of Iraqi Kurdistan Region 2012

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