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STATE RESPONSIBILITY AND THE GENOCIDE OF THE YAZIDIS
09-11-2024
Hazhar Kamala
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Factbox-Death of woman in police custody puts plight of Iran's Kurds in focus
Kurdipedia rewrites the history of Kurdistan and Kurds day by day.
Group: Articles | Articles language: English - English
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Mahsa Amini

Mahsa Amini
Shafaq News/ The death of young Iranian Kurdish woman Mahsa #Amini# in police custody in the Iranian capital Tehran has ignited nationwide anger and cast light on the status of her ethnic community.
At least three people were killed in Iran’s Kurdish region on Monday when security forces opened fire during protests over her death, a Kurdish rights group said, on a third day of turmoil over the incident last week.
Amini’s death could raise tension between the establishment and the Kurdish minority, which human rights groups say have been long oppressed by Iran’s leadership. The Islamic Republic denies persecuting Kurds.
Here are some facts about Iran’s Kurds, part of a community that is spread across several Middle East countries which is one of the world’s largest people without a state.
HISTORY
Minority Kurds, mainly Sunni Muslims in Shi’ite-dominated Iran, speak a language related to Farsi and live mostly in a mountainous region straddling the borders of Armenia, Iraq, Iran, Syria and Turkey.
Kurdish nationalism stirred in the 1890s when the Ottoman Empire was on its last legs. The 1920 Treaty of Sevres, which imposed a settlement and colonial carve-up of Turkey after World War One, promised Kurds independence.
Three years later, Turkish leader Kemal Ataturk tore up that accord. The Treaty of Lausanne, ratified in 1924, divided the Kurds among the new nations of the Middle East.
Kurdish separatism in Iran first bubbled to the surface with the 1946 Republic of Mahabad, a Soviet-backed state stretching over Iran’s border with Turkey and Iraq. It lasted one year before the central government wrested back control.
Iran’s 1979 Islamic Revolution touched off bloodshed in its Kurdistan region with heavy clashes between the Shi’ite revolutionaries and the Kurdish Party of Iranian Kurdistan (KDPI) which fought for independence.
After the 1980 eruption of the Iran-Iraq war, regular Iranian armed forces and Revolutionary Guards doubled down on their repression of Kurds so as to prevent them becoming a fifth column in Tehran’s fight against Saddam Hussein.
New militant groups such as the Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK) have emerged over the past two decades and have occasionally clashed with security forces. Their leaders have often sought refuge in Iraqi Kurdistan and have been targeted by Iranian missiles.
Kurdish claims have oscillated between full-on separatism and autonomy within a multi-ethnic Iranian state, spanning a wide political spectrum from left-leaning secularism to right-wing Islamist thought.
SOCIETY
With 8-10 million Kurds living in Iran, Tehran fears pressure for secession will grow among a minority with a long history of struggle for its political rights.
Rights groups say Kurds, who form about 10 percent of the population, along with other religious and ethnic minorities face discrimination under Iran’s Shi’ite clerical establishment.
“Kurds in Iran have long suffered deep-rooted discrimination. Their social, political and cultural rights have been repressed, as have their economic aspirations,” rights group Amnesty International said in a report.
“Kurdish regions have been economically neglected, resulting in entrenched poverty. Forced evictions and destruction of homes have left Kurds with restricted access to adequate housing.”
The elite Revolutionary Guards have put down unrest in the Kurdish community for decades, and the country’s judiciary has sentenced many activists to long jail terms or death.
Source: Euronews[1]

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[1] Website | کوردیی ناوەڕاست | shafaq.com
Linked items: 15
Group: Articles
Articles language: English
Publication date: 21-09-2022 (2 Year)
Content category: Women
Content category: Kurdish Issue
Content category: Human Right
Country - Province: Iran
Country - Province: East Kurdistan
Document Type: Original language
Language - Dialect: English
Publication Type: Born-digital
Technical Metadata
Item Quality: 99%
99%
Added by ( Hazhar Kamala ) on 22-09-2022
This article has been reviewed and released by ( ڕۆژ هەژار ) on 24-09-2022
This item recently updated by ( Hazhar Kamala ) on: 22-09-2022
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Statistics
Articles
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Images
  111,336
Books
  20,391
Related files
  105,997
Video
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Language
کوردیی ناوەڕاست - Central Kurdish 
289,245
Kurmancî - Upper Kurdish (Latin) 
90,692
هەورامی - Kurdish Hawrami 
66,183
عربي - Arabic 
31,396
کرمانجی - Upper Kurdish (Arami) 
19,349
فارسی - Farsi 
10,657
English - English 
7,705
Türkçe - Turkish 
3,677
Deutsch - German 
1,805
لوڕی - Kurdish Luri 
1,690
Pусский - Russian 
1,140
Français - French 
349
Nederlands - Dutch 
131
Zazakî - Kurdish Zazaki 
91
Svenska - Swedish 
72
Polski - Polish 
56
Español - Spanish 
55
Italiano - Italian 
52
Հայերեն - Armenian 
52
لەکی - Kurdish Laki 
37
Azərbaycanca - Azerbaijani 
27
日本人 - Japanese 
21
中国的 - Chinese 
20
Norsk - Norwegian 
18
Ελληνική - Greek 
16
עברית - Hebrew 
16
Fins - Finnish 
12
Português - Portuguese 
10
Тоҷикӣ - Tajik 
9
Ozbek - Uzbek 
7
Esperanto - Esperanto 
7
Catalana - Catalana 
6
Čeština - Czech 
5
ქართველი - Georgian 
5
Srpski - Serbian 
4
Kiswahili سَوَاحِلي -  
3
Hrvatski - Croatian 
3
балгарская - Bulgarian 
2
हिन्दी - Hindi 
2
Lietuvių - Lithuanian 
2
қазақ - Kazakh 
1
Cebuano - Cebuano 
1
ترکمانی - Turkman (Arami Script) 
1
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English
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3,155
Articles 
2,020
Library 
1,944
Documents 
206
Image and Description 
77
Martyrs 
64
Publications 
49
Archaeological places 
44
Parties & Organizations 
36
Maps 
26
Genocide 
21
Clan - the tribe - the sect 
18
Artworks 
17
Places 
9
Statistics and Surveys 
5
Miscellaneous 
4
Video 
2
Offices 
2
Poem 
2
Womens Issues 
1
Environment of Kurdistan 
1
Dates & Events 
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Quotes 
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Repository
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326
PDF 
31,828
MP4 
2,616
IMG 
204,382
∑   Total 
239,152
Content search
Kurdipedia is the largest multilingual sources for Kurdish information!
Image and Description
The Kurdish Quarter, which is located at the bottom of Mount Canaan in Safed, Palestine in 1946
Biography
Haval Hussein Saeed
Biography
Zeynep Kaya
Articles
PROSECUTING GENOCIDE: European Union Obligations in the Age of Daesh
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Decoding the Book of Revelation
Archaeological places
Shemzinan Bridge
Articles
Trauma and perceived social rejection among Yazidi women and girls who survived enslavement and genocide
Archaeological places
Mosque (Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi) in the city of Faraqin
Biography
Hafiz Akdemir
Biography
Hardawan Mahmoud Kakashekh
Archaeological places
Cendera Bridge
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Hassoun Caves
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The tomb of the historian Marduk Kurdistani
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From Syria to Europe: Experiences of Stateless Kurds and Palestinian Refugees from Syria Seeking Protection in Europe
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AN EXAMPLE OF BAATHS SOCIALISM AND DEMOCRACY IN KURDISTAN OF IRAQ
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STATE RESPONSIBILITY AND THE GENOCIDE OF THE YAZIDIS

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