Title: THEY ALL MADE PEACE- WHAT IS PEASE? THE 1923 LAUSANNE TREATY AND THE NEW IMPERIAL ORDER.
Author: 1.Jonathan Colin, 2. Ozan Ozavci
Place of publication: U K
Publisher: Gingko Library
Release date: 2023

The last of the post-World War One peace settlements, the 1923 The Treaty of Lausanne departed from methods used in the Treaty of Versailles and took on a new peace-making initiative: a forced population exchange that affected one and a half million people. Like its German and Austro-Hungarian allies, the defeated Ottoman Empire had initially been presented with a dictated peace in 1920. In just two years, however, the Kemalist insurgency enabled Turkey to become the first sovereign state in the Middle East, while the Greeks, Armenians, Arabs, Egyptians, Kurds, and other communities previously under the Ottoman Empire sought their own forms of sovereignty.
Featuring historical analysis from multiple perspectives, They All Made Peace, What is Peace? considers the Lausanne Treaty and its legacy. Chapters investigate British, Turkish, and Soviet designs in the post-Ottoman world, situate the population exchanges relative to other peacemaking efforts, and discuss the economic factors behind the reallocation of Ottoman debt.. [1]