Library Library
Search

Kurdipedia is the largest multilingual sources for Kurdish information!


Search Options





Advanced Search      Keyboard


Search
Advanced Search
Library
Kurdish names
Chronology of events
Sources
History
User Favorites
Activities
Search Help?
Publication
Video
Classifications
Random item!
Send
Send Article
Send Image
Survey
Your feedback
Contact
What kind of information do we need!
Standards
Terms of Use
Item Quality
Tools
About
Kurdipedia Archivists
Articles about us!
Add Kurdipedia to your website
Add / Delete Email
Visitors statistics
Item statistics
Fonts Converter
Calendars Converter
Spell Check
Languages and dialects of the pages
Keyboard
Handy links
Kurdipedia extension for Google Chrome
Cookies
Languages
کوردیی ناوەڕاست
کرمانجی - کوردیی سەروو
Kurmancî - Kurdîy Serû
هەورامی
Zazakî
English
Française
Deutsch
عربي
فارسی
Türkçe
Nederlands
Svenska
Español
Italiano
עברית
Pусский
Norsk
日本人
中国的
Հայերեն
Ελληνική
لەکی
Azərbaycanca
My account
Sign In
Membership!
Forgot your password!
Search Send Tools Languages My account
Advanced Search
Library
Kurdish names
Chronology of events
Sources
History
User Favorites
Activities
Search Help?
Publication
Video
Classifications
Random item!
Send Article
Send Image
Survey
Your feedback
Contact
What kind of information do we need!
Standards
Terms of Use
Item Quality
About
Kurdipedia Archivists
Articles about us!
Add Kurdipedia to your website
Add / Delete Email
Visitors statistics
Item statistics
Fonts Converter
Calendars Converter
Spell Check
Languages and dialects of the pages
Keyboard
Handy links
Kurdipedia extension for Google Chrome
Cookies
کوردیی ناوەڕاست
کرمانجی - کوردیی سەروو
Kurmancî - Kurdîy Serû
هەورامی
Zazakî
English
Française
Deutsch
عربي
فارسی
Türkçe
Nederlands
Svenska
Español
Italiano
עברית
Pусский
Norsk
日本人
中国的
Հայերեն
Ελληνική
لەکی
Azərbaycanca
Sign In
Membership!
Forgot your password!
        
 kurdipedia.org 2008 - 2024
 About
 Random item!
 Terms of Use
 Kurdipedia Archivists
 Your feedback
 User Favorites
 Chronology of events
 Activities - Kurdipedia
 Help
New Item
Library
Global Diplomacy Initiative Spring 2022: Final Essays
13-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
Operation Inherent Resolve
13-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
Sexual and gender-based crimes against the Yazidi Community: the role of ISIL foreign fighters
12-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN NORTHERN MESOPOTAMIA FROM THE HELLENISTIC TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC PERIOD
12-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
PKK threats to the security of Turkmen in Iraq
10-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
THE MARDINITE COMMUNITY IN LEBANON: MIGRATION OF MARDIN’S PEOPLE
10-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
Unveiling Discrimination: Minorities in Türkiye
10-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
YAZIDI DISPLACEMENT AND MIGRATION FROM IRAQ
09-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
Iraq on the International Stage
08-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
A Viable Kurdistan
08-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Statistics
Articles 523,155
Images 105,821
Books 19,710
Related files 98,681
Video 1,420
Library
The Future of Kirkuk: A Roa...
Biography
Awni Yousef
Library
Social Ecology
Library
Ninewa: Initiative Mapping ...
Library
Between Dreams and Reality:...
Vertrag von Lausanne
Our goal is to have our own national database like any other nation.
Group: Articles | Articles language: Deutsch
Share
Facebook0
Twitter0
Telegram0
LinkedIn0
WhatsApp0
Viber0
SMS0
Facebook Messenger0
E-Mail0
Copy Link0
Ranking item
Excellent
Very good
Average
Poor
Bad
Add to my favorites
Write your comment about this item!
Items history
Metadata
RSS
Search in Google for images related to the selected item!
Search in Google for selected item!
کوردیی ناوەڕاست0
Kurmancî - Kurdîy Serû0
English0
عربي0
فارسی0
Türkçe0
עברית0
Español0
Française0
Italiano0
Nederlands0
Svenska0
Ελληνική0
Azərbaycanca0
Fins0
Norsk0
Pусский0
Հայերեն0
中国的0
日本人0

lausanne-konferenz-karikatur

lausanne-konferenz-karikatur
Lausanne, Vertrag von

Der am 23-7-1923 geschlossene Vertrag von L. beendete den Griechisch-Türkischen Krieg (1919–22). In ihm anerkannten die Entente-Mächte den Sieg der türkischen Unabhängigkeitsbewegung unter Mustafa Kemal über die mit Unterstützung Großbritanniens in Anatolien eingefallene griechische Armee an.

Der Vertrag von L. erklärte den Vertrag von Sèvres (1920) für ungültig und ermöglichte die Gründung der modernen – von der internationalen Völkergemeinschaft anerkannten – türkischen Republik im Herbst 1923. Die siegreiche türkische Partei, in L. vertreten durch İsmet İnönu, erkannte ihrerseits die im Ersten Weltkrieg erlittenen Gebietsverluste an. Diese umfassten insbesondere die arabischen Provinzen (die heutigen Staaten Syrien, Jordanien, Libanon, Israel und Irak). Somit etablierte der Vertrag bis auf die erst 1939 hinzukommende Provinz İskenderun die noch heute bestehenden Grenzen der Türkei. Weiterhin regelte das Vertragswerk die von der Türkei zu leistenden Reparationszahlungen an die Siegermächte, sowie die Begleichung der osmanischen Reichsschulden durch die neu entstandene türkische Republik.

Gemäß dem Vertrag waren die Meerengen (Dardanellen und Bosporus) zu demilitarisieren; fremde Kriegsschiffe von bis zu 10.000 t erhielten in Friedenszeiten das Recht zur Passage. Die sog. Kapitulationen, Vorrechte für Ausländer im Osmanischen Reich, wurden abgeschafft. Der Vertrag von L. schloss weiterhin ein Abkommen über einen „Bevölkerungsaustausch“ zwischen der Türkei und Griechenland ein. In dessen Folge mussten ca. 1,5 Mio. Griechen Anatolien verlassen; das Gleiche galt für ca. eine halbe Million Türken aus Griechenland. Die in dem nun Griechenland zugeschlagenen Türken Westthrakiens wurden vom Bevölkerungsaustausch ausgenommen, im Gegenzug erhielten die in Istanbul lebenden Griechen Bleiberecht.

Ziel dieser u. a. von der US-Administration unter Präsident Wilson angeregten Maßnahme war es, die durch nationale Minderheiten ausgelösten Spannungen zu verringern. So sollte der Frieden auf Basis klarer definierter Nationalitätengrenzen gesichert werden. Allerdings brachte die durch einen zwischenstaatlichen Vertrag sanktionierte Vertreibung großes Leid über die betroffenen Menschen. Sie verloren ihre Heimat und ihren Besitz. Viele starben während der oft brutal durchgeführten Umsiedlungsmaßnahmen.

Andere auf dem Territorium der türkischen Republik lebende Minderheiten (Armenier, Kurden, Assyrer) wurden im Vertragswerk nicht namentlich erwähnt. Die türkische Regierung verpflichtete sich zum Schutz aller Bürger ohne Ansehen ihrer Religion, Ethnizität oder Sprache. Religiöse Gebäude, Schulen etc. insbesondere der nichtmuslimischen Minoritäten wurden unter Schutz gestellt sowie das Recht zur Benutzung anderer Sprachen außer türkisch auch in der Presse, im Grundschulunterricht und im Umgang mit den Behörden verankert. Die Einhaltung dieser Verpflichtungen durch die türkische Regierung sollte durch den Völkerbund überwacht werden.[1]
This item has been written in (Deutsch) language, click on icon to open the item in the original language!
Dieser Artikel wurde in (Deutsch) Sprache geschrieben wurde, klicken Sie auf das Symbol , um die Artikel in der Originalsprache zu öffnen!
This item has been viewed 1,353 times
HashTag
Sources
[1] Website | Deutsch | eeo.aau.at
Linked items: 14
Group: Articles
Articles language: Deutsch
Content category: Kurdish Issue
Content category: Politic
Language - Dialect: German
Original Language: German
Publication Type: Born-digital
Technical Metadata
Item Quality: 97%
97%
Added by ( Hazhar Kamala ) on 19-04-2023
This article has been reviewed and released by ( Ziryan Serchinari ) on 24-04-2023
This item recently updated by ( Hazhar Kamala ) on: 24-04-2023
URL
This item according to Kurdipedia's Standards is not finalized yet!
This item has been viewed 1,353 times
Kurdipedia is the largest multilingual sources for Kurdish information!
Library
CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN NORTHERN MESOPOTAMIA FROM THE HELLENISTIC TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC PERIOD
Library
Global Diplomacy Initiative Spring 2022: Final Essays
Archaeological places
The tomb of the historian Marduk Kurdistani
Biography
Ayub Nuri
Image and Description
The Kurdish Quarter, which is located at the bottom of Mount Canaan in Safed, Palestine in 1946
Library
PKK threats to the security of Turkmen in Iraq
Archaeological places
Cendera Bridge
Biography
Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari
Image and Description
Kurdish Jews from Mahabad (Saujbulak), Kurdistan, 1910
Library
Sexual and gender-based crimes against the Yazidi Community: the role of ISIL foreign fighters
Articles
Disidentification of Historical City Centers: A Comparative Study of the Old and New Settlements of Mardin, Turkey
Archaeological places
Mosque (Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi) in the city of Faraqin
Biography
HIWA SALAM KHLID
Image and Description
Picture of Kurdish school children, Halabja in south Kurdistan 1965
Image and Description
AN EXAMPLE OF BAATHS SOCIALISM AND DEMOCRACY IN KURDISTAN OF IRAQ
Biography
Havin Al-Sindy
Articles
Mardin in the Post-Tanzimat Era: Heritage, Changes and Formation of an Urban Landscape
Articles
Diyarbakir, Mardin, Şırnak Field Report
Biography
Antonio Negri
Biography
Nurcan Baysal
Image and Description
A Kurdish army in Istanbul to participate in the Battle of the Dardanelles in 1918
Articles
Arabs and Kurds: Shared Hopes and Common Dreams
Biography
KHAIRY ADAM
Archaeological places
Hassoun Caves
Biography
Abdullah Zeydan
Articles
Sequential approach of the re-using the historical military barrack in the Old Mardin Heritage in Turkey
Library
Operation Inherent Resolve
Archaeological places
Shemzinan Bridge
Biography
Shilan Fuad Hussain
Biography
Jasmin Moghbeli

Actual
Library
The Future of Kirkuk: A Roadmap for Resolving the Status of the Governorate
01-09-2015
Hawreh Bakhawan
The Future of Kirkuk: A Roadmap for Resolving the Status of the Governorate
Biography
Awni Yousef
26-06-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Awni Yousef
Library
Social Ecology
27-06-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Social Ecology
Library
Ninewa: Initiative Mapping of Sustainable Returns & Stabilization Efforts
28-06-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Ninewa: Initiative Mapping of Sustainable Returns & Stabilization Efforts
Library
Between Dreams and Reality: Understanding Perceptions Towards an Independent Kurdistan
08-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Between Dreams and Reality: Understanding Perceptions Towards an Independent Kurdistan
New Item
Library
Global Diplomacy Initiative Spring 2022: Final Essays
13-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
Operation Inherent Resolve
13-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
Sexual and gender-based crimes against the Yazidi Community: the role of ISIL foreign fighters
12-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN NORTHERN MESOPOTAMIA FROM THE HELLENISTIC TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC PERIOD
12-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
PKK threats to the security of Turkmen in Iraq
10-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
THE MARDINITE COMMUNITY IN LEBANON: MIGRATION OF MARDIN’S PEOPLE
10-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
Unveiling Discrimination: Minorities in Türkiye
10-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
YAZIDI DISPLACEMENT AND MIGRATION FROM IRAQ
09-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
Iraq on the International Stage
08-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Library
A Viable Kurdistan
08-07-2024
Hazhar Kamala
Statistics
Articles 523,155
Images 105,821
Books 19,710
Related files 98,681
Video 1,420
Kurdipedia is the largest multilingual sources for Kurdish information!
Library
CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN NORTHERN MESOPOTAMIA FROM THE HELLENISTIC TO THE EARLY ISLAMIC PERIOD
Library
Global Diplomacy Initiative Spring 2022: Final Essays
Archaeological places
The tomb of the historian Marduk Kurdistani
Biography
Ayub Nuri
Image and Description
The Kurdish Quarter, which is located at the bottom of Mount Canaan in Safed, Palestine in 1946
Library
PKK threats to the security of Turkmen in Iraq
Archaeological places
Cendera Bridge
Biography
Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari
Image and Description
Kurdish Jews from Mahabad (Saujbulak), Kurdistan, 1910
Library
Sexual and gender-based crimes against the Yazidi Community: the role of ISIL foreign fighters
Articles
Disidentification of Historical City Centers: A Comparative Study of the Old and New Settlements of Mardin, Turkey
Archaeological places
Mosque (Salah al-Din al-Ayyubi) in the city of Faraqin
Biography
HIWA SALAM KHLID
Image and Description
Picture of Kurdish school children, Halabja in south Kurdistan 1965
Image and Description
AN EXAMPLE OF BAATHS SOCIALISM AND DEMOCRACY IN KURDISTAN OF IRAQ
Biography
Havin Al-Sindy
Articles
Mardin in the Post-Tanzimat Era: Heritage, Changes and Formation of an Urban Landscape
Articles
Diyarbakir, Mardin, Şırnak Field Report
Biography
Antonio Negri
Biography
Nurcan Baysal
Image and Description
A Kurdish army in Istanbul to participate in the Battle of the Dardanelles in 1918
Articles
Arabs and Kurds: Shared Hopes and Common Dreams
Biography
KHAIRY ADAM
Archaeological places
Hassoun Caves
Biography
Abdullah Zeydan
Articles
Sequential approach of the re-using the historical military barrack in the Old Mardin Heritage in Turkey
Library
Operation Inherent Resolve
Archaeological places
Shemzinan Bridge
Biography
Shilan Fuad Hussain
Biography
Jasmin Moghbeli
Folders
Genocide - Party - K. D. P. Genocide - Party degree - Member Genocide - People type - Al-Anfal martyr Genocide - People type - Victims of Anfal Genocide - Gender - Male Genocide - Language - Dialect - Kurdish - Badini Genocide - Place of birth - Mêrgesûr Genocide - Anfal Phases - Unknown Genocide - Nation - Kurd Genocide - Tribe - Barzan

Kurdipedia.org (2008 - 2024) version: 15.67
| Contact | CSS3 | HTML5

| Page generation time: 0.844 second(s)!