amps for internally displaced persons dot the countryside around Duhok in northern Iraq. It is here, in tents and cargo containers, that the majority of the world’s Yazidis now live. Adherents of one of the world’s oldest religions, most fled their homeland, the nearby Sinjar region, in August 2014 as they came under attack by the Islamic State group, also known as ISIS. Thousands, however, were captured. Those who eventually returned to their community—who escaped, were rescued, or most often, who were sold back to their families—relayed tales of horrific bloodshed and. In 2016, the United Nations Independent International Commission of Inquiry on the Syrian Arab Republic determined that ISIS committed the crime of genocide, as well as multiple crimes against humanity and war crimes, in its coordinated assault on the Yazidis. By all accounts, the Yazidi genocide is continuing.
The ISIS campaign to eradicate the Yazidi community is an instrumental case of the central role that gender plays in the crime of genocide. Most of the living victims of the Yazidi genocide are female. Almost all survivors, whether female or male, have had male relatives killed by ISIS. Survivors, though taken from different villages, held in different locations, and sold back to their families at different times, have given near-identical descriptions of their brutal experiences in ISIS captivity. The testimonies detailed a world, built in the minds of ISIS fighters, which had suddenly solidified around the Yazidis, trapping them firmly within it. The criminal acts against the Yazidis were carried out with a high degree of organization. Every encounter began in exactly the same way: with ISIS fighters ordering the separation of men and adolescent boys from women and children. The crimes that followed depended, primarily, on the gender of the victim. [1]
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