Biblioteca Biblioteca
Buscar

Kurdipedia son las mayores fuentes de información kurda!


Search Options





Búsqueda Avanzada      Teclado


Buscar
Búsqueda Avanzada
Biblioteca
Nombres Kurdos
Cronología de los hechos
Fuentes
Historia
Colecciones usuario
Actividades
Buscar Ayuda?
Publicación
Video
Clasificaciones
Elemento Random!
Enviar
Enviar artículo
Enviar imagen
Survey
Su opinion
Contacto
¿Qué tipo de información necesitamos!
Normas
Términos de uso
Calidad de artículo
Instrumentos
Acerca
Kurdipedia Archivists
Artículos nosotros!
Añadir Kurdipedia a su sitio web
Añadir / Eliminar Email
Estadísticas de visitantes
Estadísticas de artículos
Fuentes Convertidor
Calendarios Convertidor
Lenguas y dialectos de las páginas
Teclado
Enlaces útiles
Kurdipedia extension for Google Chrome
Cookies
Idiomas
کوردیی ناوەڕاست
کرمانجی - کوردیی سەروو
Kurmancî - Kurdîy Serû
هەورامی
Zazakî
English
Française
Deutsch
عربي
فارسی
Türkçe
Nederlands
Svenska
Español
Italiano
עברית
Pусский
Norsk
日本人
中国的
Հայերեն
Ελληνική
لەکی
Azərbaycanca
Mi cuenta
Registrarse
Membresía!
Olvidó su contraseña?
Buscar Enviar Instrumentos Idiomas Mi cuenta
Búsqueda Avanzada
Biblioteca
Nombres Kurdos
Cronología de los hechos
Fuentes
Historia
Colecciones usuario
Actividades
Buscar Ayuda?
Publicación
Video
Clasificaciones
Elemento Random!
Enviar artículo
Enviar imagen
Survey
Su opinion
Contacto
¿Qué tipo de información necesitamos!
Normas
Términos de uso
Calidad de artículo
Acerca
Kurdipedia Archivists
Artículos nosotros!
Añadir Kurdipedia a su sitio web
Añadir / Eliminar Email
Estadísticas de visitantes
Estadísticas de artículos
Fuentes Convertidor
Calendarios Convertidor
Lenguas y dialectos de las páginas
Teclado
Enlaces útiles
Kurdipedia extension for Google Chrome
Cookies
کوردیی ناوەڕاست
کرمانجی - کوردیی سەروو
Kurmancî - Kurdîy Serû
هەورامی
Zazakî
English
Française
Deutsch
عربي
فارسی
Türkçe
Nederlands
Svenska
Español
Italiano
עברית
Pусский
Norsk
日本人
中国的
Հայերեն
Ελληνική
لەکی
Azərbaycanca
Registrarse
Membresía!
Olvidó su contraseña?
        
 kurdipedia.org 2008 - 2024
 Acerca
 Elemento Random!
 Términos de uso
 Kurdipedia Archivists
 Su opinion
 Colecciones usuario
 Cronología de los hechos
 Actividades - Kurdipedia
 Ayudar
Nuevo elemento
Biblioteca
Liberando la vida: la revolución de las mujeres
20-10-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
Kurdistán: desmantelando al Estado
19-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
Revolución de las mujeres y luchas por la vida ¡Defender Rojava
19-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
Los kurdos en Iraq
19-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
La revolución de Kurdistán y Medio Oriente
18-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE NACIONALISMOS EN EL KURDISTÁN
18-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
Los Refranes Kurdos
18-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Estadística
Artículos 522,651
Imágenes 105,736
Libros 19,696
Archivos relacionados 98,586
Video 1,419
Biblioteca
El fusil de mi padre
Partidos y Organizaciones
Partido de los Trabajadores...
Biblioteca
Los Refranes Kurdos
Biblioteca
La revolución de Kurdistán ...
Biblioteca
Liberando la vida: la revol...
Freedom of the Press and Expression in Turkey
Grupo: Artículos | Lenguaje de los artículos: English
Share
Facebook0
Twitter0
Telegram0
LinkedIn0
WhatsApp0
Viber0
SMS0
Facebook Messenger0
E-Mail0
Copy Link0
Clasificación elemento
Excelente
Muy bueno
Promedio
Pobre
Malo
Añadir a mis colecciones
Escriba su comentario sobre este artículo!
Titel der Geschichte
Metadata
RSS
Búsqueda en Google de imágenes relacionadas con el elemento seleccionado!
Buscar en Google para el artículo seleccionado!
کوردیی ناوەڕاست0
Kurmancî - Kurdîy Serû0
عربي0
فارسی0
Türkçe0
עברית0
Deutsch0
Español0
Française0
Italiano0
Nederlands0
Svenska0
Ελληνική0
Azərbaycanca0
Fins0
Norsk0
Pусский0
Հայերեն0
中国的0
日本人0

Freedom of the Press and Expression in Turkey

Freedom of the Press and Expression in Turkey
Press freedom and freedom of expression in Turkey have been threatened, but the United States has a vested interest in ensuring that Turkey protects its vibrant political discourse.
The issues of press freedom and freedom of expression in Turkey have for several years attracted a great deal of attention and provoked extensive debate both in Turkey and in other Western countries. Dozens of journalists critical of the government have been jailed, and hefty fines have been levied against media outlets seen as opposing the ruling Justice and Development Party, or AKP. The perceived deterioration of the situation has raised concerns about the course and character of Turkish democratic development.

This brief provides political context, historical background, and strategic analysis of this problem, and offers steps that the United States can take to help address the situation. The intention is to broaden the discussion and improve understanding of the issue among a wider audience, particularly in Washington, D.C., in the hopes of encouraging greater U.S. engagement. What follows is based on secondary research, extensive interviews with Turkish journalists, editors, and outside experts, and working-group meetings in Istanbul and Washington, bringing together prominent Turkish journalists and U.S. and European experts.

Our goal is not to provide an exhaustive exploration of the current state of press or media freedom in Turkey, nor is it to provide new data on the exact number of jailed journalists or the character of their alleged crimes. There are a number of informative reports that provide those details and include insights on the current state of press freedom in Turkey. Marc Pierini, a former EU ambassador to Turkey, has perhaps the most up-to-date and balanced study. The Committee to Protect Journalists plays an important role in tracking the exact number of jailed journalists, monitoring their legal status, and advocating on their behalf; their website and recent reports have detailed breakdowns of these issues. The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and the U.S. Department of State both exhaustively track the trials of journalists and evaluate the broader human-rights environment in Turkey, and their periodic reports contain a wealth of information.

By understanding the historical sensitivities feeding the current political crisis in Turkey, outlining the suppression of certain forms of political discourse, and examining the issue in the context of U.S. engagement with Turkey and the wider region, a new picture emerges. The United States wants Turkey to be a capable and secure democratic partner with whom it can engage the broader Middle East, and therefore it should more clearly voice its concerns about the deterioration of press freedom and freedom of expression in the domestic political context. Given the wave of popular mobilization in the region and the careful negotiations between the Turkish government and Kurdish separatists, it is more important than ever to preserve the democratic nature of the “Turkish model,” which we discuss in more detail below.
Historical context

To understand the current political situation and the importance of reinforcing democratic principles over the coming years, it is necessary to provide some historical context of press freedom and freedom of expression in Turkey.

During the late 1980s and early 1990s, journalists were targeted and sometimes killed by actors ranging from ultranationalists to Islamists, far leftists to the Kurdish Workers’ Party, or PKK, who seek Kurdish autonomy and greater legal and cultural protections. Current Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan’s AKP has successfully defused much of the violence that characterized the extreme polarization of Turkish society in those years since coming to power in 2003. But the 2007 murder of Turkish-Armenian editor Hrant Dink, shot outside his newspaper’s offices in Istanbul for advocating official recognition of the Armenian genocide, served as a reminder that the violence underlying political tensions and freedom of expression in Turkey has not disappeared.
The Kurdish issue
The “Kurdish issue,” as it is delicately referred to in Turkey, is one major historical legacy shaping the current political environment and affecting press freedom. Approximately 15 million Kurds—an ethnic and linguistic minority inhabiting parts of Turkey, Syria, Iraq, and Iran—live in Turkey today, with the vast majority being fully integrated into Turkish society and many living in major urban centers, particularly Istanbul.

Despite widespread acceptance of Kurds and their integration with broader Turkish society, for decades the ultranationalist Turkish state attempted to suppress Kurdish cultural and linguistic diversity, banning, for example, the use of the Kurdish language until 1991. The remnants of this repression remain visible, as the politics surrounding the Kurdish language and culture are still hotly debated, particularly in the heavily Kurdish southeast, and nationalists continue to use fears of Kurdish autonomy to appeal politically to older Turks raised on strict Kemalist doctrine. The PKK, a far-left guerilla group labeled a terrorist organization by Turkey, the United States, and the European Union, has also exploited these fears to continue their decades-long struggle for Kurdish independence and autonomy. More than 40,000 people have died in this fight since the 1980s. Several peace initiatives have been introduced and failed over the past decade, and violence, while down from its peak in the mid-1990s, has continued.

The AKP has worked to address some of the cultural concerns of the Kurdish minority, allowing the use of Kurdish language and permitting peaceful Kurdish political mobilization. Nonetheless, most Turks have been educated in highly nationalist curriculums and remember the violence of the PKK movement, and are thus deeply wary of any hint of separatism. This has led to pressure on the AKP to continue security operations against the PKK and to avoid concessions to the Kurds. The extreme sensitivity of the Kurdish issue in Turkish politics means it bleeds into areas such as freedom of the press. Many reporters or editors reporting on PKK activities or discussing Kurdish cultural or political activities have faced censorship, arrest, threats, or outright violence.

In this context, shaping a lasting and peaceful solution to the Kurdish issue has proved difficult. The past six months have seen considerable progress, however: A ceasefire negotiated between the government and Abdullah Ӧcalan, the PKK’s jailed leader, has led to a wider peace initiative and the best chance for a settlement since the conflict began.

Since the AKP’s electoral success in 2002, the country has seen a remarkable period of economic growth, political reform, and relative stability. This has given the party the chance to institutionalize the changes it has brought to the Turkish state such as greater legal and cultural recognition of Kurdish and Armenian minorities. The party was formed as a broad alliance of religious conservative parties that were previously banned under Turkey’s secular constitution, members of the newly emergent Anatolian middle class, social conservatives, and liberal elements that were frustrated with the incumbent Republican People’s Party, or CHP.

Electoral success and economic growth has also made Prime Minister Erdoğan one of the most influential leaders in the Middle East. This clout was visible during his tour of the Arab world following the upheavals of 2011—he was greeted by cheering throngs at nearly every step. His and Turkey’s popularity increased talk of a “Turkish model” of democratic development, secular government compatible with Islamic conservatism, and economic growth. The Turkish model means many things to many people throughout the region but is undoubtedly one narrative open to moderates seeking to shape new political cultures in the wake of the Arab Spring.[1]
=KTML_Link_External_Begin=https://www.kurdipedia.org/docviewer.aspx?id=562188&document=0001.PDF=KTML_Link_External_Between=Click to read Freedom of the Press and Expression in Turkey=KTML_Link_External_End=
Este artículo ha sido escrito en (English) Lenguaje, haga clic en el icono de para abrir el artículo en el idioma original!
This item has been written in (English) language, click on icon to open the item in the original language!
Este artículo ha sido visitado veces 74
HashTag
Fuentes
Archivos relacionados: 1
Artículos relacionados: 3
Grupo: Artículos
Lenguaje de los artículos: English
Publication date: 14-05-2013 (11 Año)
Dialecto: Inglés
Publication Type: Born-digital
Technical Metadata
Calidad de artículo: 99%
99%
Añadido por ( هەژار کامەلا ) en 26-03-2024
Este artículo ha sido revisado y publicado por ( زریان سەرچناری ) en 27-03-2024
Este artículo ha actualizado recientemente por ( هەژار کامەلا ) en: 26-03-2024
URL
Este artículo según Kurdipedia de Normas no está terminado todavía!
Este artículo ha sido visitado veces 74
Attached files - Version
Tipo Version Nombre del Editor
Foto de archivo 1.0.1137 KB 26-03-2024 هەژار کامەلاهـ.ک.
Kurdipedia son las mayores fuentes de información kurda!
Biblioteca
Revolución de las mujeres y luchas por la vida ¡Defender Rojava
Artículos
La formación del Kurdistán y la seguridad societal
Biblioteca
La revolución de Kurdistán y Medio Oriente
Artículos
​Mohandas Gandhi habla con Abdullah Öcalan ​- Sobre la violencia, la no violencia y el Estado
Biblioteca
Liberando la vida: la revolución de las mujeres
Biblioteca
Los kurdos en Iraq
Biografía
Abdullah Öcalan
Biblioteca
Kurdistán: desmantelando al Estado

Actual
Biblioteca
El fusil de mi padre
24-12-2013
بەناز جۆڵا
El fusil de mi padre
Partidos y Organizaciones
Partido de los Trabajadores de Kurdistán
14-10-2013
هاوڕێ باخەوان
Partido de los Trabajadores de Kurdistán
Biblioteca
Los Refranes Kurdos
18-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Los Refranes Kurdos
Biblioteca
La revolución de Kurdistán y Medio Oriente
18-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
La revolución de Kurdistán y Medio Oriente
Biblioteca
Liberando la vida: la revolución de las mujeres
20-10-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Liberando la vida: la revolución de las mujeres
Nuevo elemento
Biblioteca
Liberando la vida: la revolución de las mujeres
20-10-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
Kurdistán: desmantelando al Estado
19-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
Revolución de las mujeres y luchas por la vida ¡Defender Rojava
19-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
Los kurdos en Iraq
19-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
La revolución de Kurdistán y Medio Oriente
18-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
LA CONSTRUCCIÓN DE NACIONALISMOS EN EL KURDISTÁN
18-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Biblioteca
Los Refranes Kurdos
18-07-2022
ڕاپەر عوسمان عوزێری
Estadística
Artículos 522,651
Imágenes 105,736
Libros 19,696
Archivos relacionados 98,586
Video 1,419
Kurdipedia son las mayores fuentes de información kurda!
Biblioteca
Revolución de las mujeres y luchas por la vida ¡Defender Rojava
Artículos
La formación del Kurdistán y la seguridad societal
Biblioteca
La revolución de Kurdistán y Medio Oriente
Artículos
​Mohandas Gandhi habla con Abdullah Öcalan ​- Sobre la violencia, la no violencia y el Estado
Biblioteca
Liberando la vida: la revolución de las mujeres
Biblioteca
Los kurdos en Iraq
Biografía
Abdullah Öcalan
Biblioteca
Kurdistán: desmantelando al Estado
Folders
Biblioteca - Provenza - Fuera Biblioteca - Libro - Historia Biblioteca - Dialecto - Español Biblioteca - Publication Type - Biblioteca - PDF - Artículos - Libro - Cuestión Kurda Artículos - Tipo de documento - Idioma original Artículos - Dialecto - Español Artículos - Provenza - Fuera Lugares - Provenza - Este Kurdistán

Kurdipedia.org (2008 - 2024) version: 15.67
| Contacto | CSS3 | HTML5

| Página tiempo de generación: 0.656 segundo!