He was born in 660 BC and died in 583 BC.
Mary Boyce: At the beginning of one of her books on Zoroastrianism, she says: Zoroastrianism is the most difficult living faith to study and understand because of its antiquity and the loss of many of the sacred texts of the religion. Indeed, it is. Hundreds of books have been written about the religion, none of which are written in Kurdish or by a Kurdish expert. Dozens of foreign writers and experts have devoted much of their lives to researching the religion. Each of these writers and experts has determined an era for Zoroaster and his birthplace from their own point of view and research path, and there has been a lot of debate among them that continues to this day. The names of Zoroaster, his father, grandfather and family appear in different forms and meanings in the sources. For example, the Greeks called him Zoroaster and most Western writers quoted him. The famous German philosopher Nietzsche called him Zarashotra in his book Zoroastrianism, and the Arabs called him Zaradasht'' and Persian to Zartush.
Zoroastrian Family:
Most foreign scholars agree that Zoroaster was the son of Porushasp and belonged to the family of Spitaman. His mother was Dogdua/Dakhdo and his grandfather was Hichtsp. Some Zoroastrian sources attribute his father and grandfather to Manucher Peshdadi. Mardukh wrote in the history of Kurds and Kurdistan (Zoroaster son of Persp, son of Kida, son of Ariak, son of Agand, son of Agir, son of Mamir, son of Harzian, son of Aspitaman). The names of Zoroaster's first and second wives are still unknown, but it is known that he had one son and three daughters from his first wife.
His son was named Istastra and his three daughters were named Frini, Priti and Puruchesta. He had two sons by his second wife, Urtnater and Horuchister. Zoroaster's third wife, who had no children, was Hufuvi, the daughter of the Hugua family.
Each side interprets the word Zoroastrianism in one way or another. Western scholars, who usually take the text from the Greek name Zoroaster, interpret it as meaning owner of many camels. This interpretation could have contained some logic if the Iranians had called it “Zorwaster”. In my opinion, this interpretation is the result of ignorance of the Kurdish language. The Kurdish writer Emadeddin Davlatshahi believes that the word Zoroastrianism is derived from Zaratau Shatarai, which means gold, Ta means brightness and Shatar means brightness Barin and “Ai” mean “coming” and in ancient Hawrami language it means “rain and the shining of the golden rays of the sun”. Imadeddin says that Pirshalyar Zoroastrianism calls Zoroastrianism Simyar in his work Marifat.
Some believe that Zoroaster's father's name, Purshasp, means full of horses and may have been a breeder of horses.
The time of Zoroaster:
The time of Zoroaster has been extensively studied. But experts on ancient Iranian culture still disagree. The period of Zoroastrianism has been studied in several ways and there are several very different and distant periods in these studies and the reader cannot reach a correct conclusion from them.
Some date Zoroaster's time to about 700 years BC, others to about 2,000 years BC, and others to six thousand years or more.
The time of Zoroaster on the basis of numbers:
Those who believe that the sixth century is true for the time of Zoroaster rely on the numbers and events mentioned in Arabic, Pahlavi and some Greek sources. The Bundehishan, written during the Sassanid period, says that the tenth millennium came and Zoroaster was made a prophet by God.
After converting to his religion, Gestasp ruled for another 90 years. He then recorded the number of years of each Iranian ruler until the end of Alexander's third reign, a total of 258 years.
Bironi and Massoud set the same date for Zoroaster and Alexander. It is not clear whether the time of Zoroaster's birth or the time of publication of his letter which is 40 years apart.
Mary Boyce, a Mazdaanian scholar, says that Zoroaster's time cannot be determined exactly because he lived during the Stone Age of his nation They were written years before the present day. He also says that the picture of the world that Zoroaster painted in the Gathas is a picture of a society around stone Zoroaster lived between 1700 and 1500 BC.
The birthplace of Zoroaster
The birthplace of Zoroaster is as controversial as his time. According to Pahlavi and Arab sources, which I believe the Arab sources also received information from, the land of Iranfaj, which is mentioned in Avestan texts and means the homeland of Iranian tribes. In this land, Ahura Mazda conveyed his religion to Zoroastrianism. These sources consider Iranfaj to be the region of present-day Azerbaijan.
According to linguist Mohammad Amin Hawrami, Aviyadar was one of the holy places where Zoroaster stayed for several days to rest during his journey between Shiz and Lorestan. According to him, the village of Balkha in Hawramabad is on the artificial border between Iran and Iraq and still exists. It was once a great city and had the famous palace of Kay Gushstasp.[1]