The city of Hekmatana, 715 BC.
The ruins of the Kurdish Medieval city of Hekamatana (Tel Hekamatana) are located in the current Hamedan Governorate in eastern Kurdistan. Among the features of the ancient city of Hekmatana is the architecture and regular planning of this city, which is rare among the ancient works that were found. The works discovered at the site of this city indicate the presence of a regular and advanced water supply network in the spaces between the water supply channels. There were passages 3.5 meters wide, and the floor of these passages was completely paved with ordinary square bricks.
Research also showed that there are two series of building units at a distance of 35 meters between the corridors, each of which includes a central courtyard (hall), with similar rooms and warehouses around it, so that each building unit covers an area of ​​about 17.5 x 17.5 meters, and the aforementioned corridors are 3.5 meters wide. A foundation made of bricks spread over a large part of the hill and has a north-eastern direction to a south-western direction. The city of Hegmetane (in Median Kurdish) meaning (the gathering place), Hemetan (in Pahlavi-Sasanian Kurdish), Hemedan (in modern Kurdish), is one of the oldest Kurdish cities, which was the capital of the Median Kurds, The name of this Kurdish Median city was mentioned in the Greek sources in the form of Ecbatan, The Greek historian Herodotus, 484 BC - 425 BC, says that the city of Hekmatana, which was built by King Diako-Duk, the founder of the Median Kingdom (Mad Kingdom), has seven walls, each of which is painted in the color of one of the planets. According to the historian Herodotus, Hekematana was chosen as the capital of the Medes by King Duke Dahiuk at the end of the eighth century BC, And describes Herodotus the royal complex, including the palace, treasury, and military housing built on a hill, and says that this complex was built by seven concentric walls, each inner wall was higher than the outer wall and was controlled by the nobles, It has been shown in the archaeological excavations conducted in recent years in (Tell Hekmatana) that the site of the palace and the aforementioned buildings was located in the current (Tell Hekmatana), The scientific excavations at Tell Hekmatana date back to the year 1913 AD, when a French delegation led by Charles Fossey from the Louvre Museum in Paris conducted excavations at (Tell Hekmatana), but the results of these explorations were never published. During 10 seasons of excavations conducted from 1983 AD to 1999 AD, 14,000 square meters of the remains of the Kurdish city of Hekmatana, considered one of the centers of the oldest periods of human civilization, were excavated.
Parts of the huge city wall were also discovered, with a diameter of 9 meters and a height of 8 meters, with two huge and rare towers inside. And the discovery of that wall led to the identification of a large city in the heart of (Tell Hekmatana), which is the ancient city of Hekmatana, the capital of the Median Kurds (Mad Kingdom 700 BC - 550 BC), The continuation of the excavations at Tell Hekmatana revealed the presence of valuable and unique works that mostly belong to the Persian Achaemenid and Sasanian Kurdish periods. Due to the location of the city of Hekmatana and its strategic resources, it is likely that this area was inhabited before the first millennium BC, despite the lack of historical and archaeological evidence to prove this. Despite two centuries of conflict between the Medes and the Assyrians in the center of Zagros, the Assyrians did not provide any clear description of the Median Kurdish city of Hekmatana, and this indicates that the Assyrians could never advance towards the Median Kurdish lands located east of the Elwend River, while They took control of the Median Kurdish lands and cities located west of the Alwand river, such as the city of Arbil and the city of Kirkuk. The city of Hamedan (ancient Hekmatana) is the capital of the Medes, along with Athens, the capital of the Greeks, Rome, the capital of Italy, and Shush (Shushan-Susa), the capital of the Elamite Kurds, one of the few ancient cities in the world that are still alive and important.[1][2]