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“Five Years of Injustice are Enough!” Investigative Study on Violations Against Kurds and Yazidis in Northern Syria
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طغيان المياه وشحها في العراق .. دروس من فيضانات 2019
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طغيان المياه وشحها في العراق .. دروس من فيضانات 2019

طغيان المياه وشحها في العراق .. دروس من فيضانات 2019
عنوان الكتاب: طغيان المياه وشحها في العراق .. دروس من فيضانات 2019
اسم الكاتب: د. أحمد قاسم مفتن
مكان الأصدار: بغداد
مؤسسة النشر: مركزُ البيان للدراسات والتخطيط
تأريخ الأصدار: 2020

يحظى الماء باهتمام بالغ كونه عصب الحياة وسر ديمومتها، وقد لوحظ في وقتنا الراهن وفي الماضي المنظور تصاعد الاهتمام به، وربما القلق من مستقبل؛ نتيجة ازدياد التنافس على طلبه سواء داخل البلد الواحد أو بين البلدان المتشاركة فيه، فضلاً عن تعرض بعض المصادر منه للتلوث والتناقص أحياناً، وفي أحيان أُخر للزيادة المدمرة وغير المسيطر عليها.
مع نمو عدد السكان وانتقالهم إلى المراكز الحضرية، يزداد الطلب على مياه الشرب والصرف الصحي والأمن الغذائي. وإن التوسع والتنوع الاقتصادي يحتاجان إلى زيادة في الطلب على تلك الموارد، فضلاً عن استخداماته في مجال الزراعة والرعي وتربية الحيوانات. لقد تنامى اهتمام المجتمع الدولي بقضايا البيئة والتلوث البيئي بوضوح، إذ انتشرت منذ ثمانينيات القرن العشرين موجة من الوعي البيئي والاهتمام بالمشكلات الناجمة عن النشاطات غير المتوازنة، وغدت البيئة في الآونة الأخيرة موضوعاً ساخناً وهاجساً يشغل بال صانع القرار والمواطنين على حد سواء.
لقد شهد العراق خلال المدة من 2005 إلى 2013 موجة من الجفاف وقلة الأمطار وانخفاض في الواردات المائية لنهري دجلة والفرات؛ مما تسببت بضغط شديد على إمدادات المياه في البلد، إذ أدت تلك الظروف إلى تغيّر كمية الأمطار الهاطلة والمتوقع أن تنخفض مع مرور الوقت، ولكون العراق يعتمد بنحو كبير على هطول الأمطار كمصدر للمياه، فضلاً عن إيرادات نهري دجلة والفرات فإن خطر شحة المياه آخذ في الازدياد؛ وهذا يعني أن الإمدادات في العراق تتأثر بنحو كبير بالظواهر المناخية ومشاريع التخزين في تركيا وسوريا وايران.
يؤشر في العراق أيضاً، وعلى نحوٍ واضح ضعف الوعي العام بالمياه والجوانب البيئية على الصعيد الوطني والمحلي بحسب المحافظات والمدن والقرى والقصبات؛ لذا وضعت اتفاقية وُقّعت من قبل الاتحاد الأوروبي ووزارة التخطيط العراقية سنة 2012 تهدف إلى وضع برنامج متكامل يغطي ثلث المجتمع العراقي، ويستهدف نشر الوعي البيئي عبر طريق رسائل إعلامية في كيفية الحفاظ على المياه واستخداماتها الفعالة على مستوى الأسرة، وجمع المياه، وإعادة استخدام المياه، فضلاً عن الممارسات الصحية، والمشاريع التجريبية، والعمل على إيجاد حلول مستدامة بيئياً لإمدادات المياه والاستهلاك؛ وبذلك يرتجى تغيير سلوك الناس فيما يتعلق باستخدام المياه بنحو أكثر كفاءة، كما يرتجى أن يكون لها تأثير كبير في جهود الحكومة الرامية إلى تحقيق الأهداف التنموية 2018-2022.[1]
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[1] Website | عربي | bayancenter.org 23-05-2020
Linked items: 4
Group: Library
Articles language: عربي
Printing Year: 01-01-2020 (4 Year)
Content category: Environment
Country - Province: Iraq
Document Type: Original language
Language - Dialect: Arabic
PDF: Yes
Publication Type: Printed
Publication Type: Born-digital
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Added by ( Hazhar Kamala ) on 12-03-2024
This article has been reviewed and released by ( Ziryan Serchinari ) on 12-03-2024
This item recently updated by ( Hazhar Kamala ) on: 12-03-2024
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Type Version Editor Name
Photo file 1.0.183 KB 12-03-2024 Hazhar KamalaH.K.
PDF file 1.0.1407 KB 45 12-03-2024 Hazhar KamalaH.K.
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