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Tevgera çandî ya Kurd di sedsala bîstem de – beşa 3yem
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Tevgera çandî ya Kurd di sedsala bîstem de

Tevgera çandî ya Kurd di sedsala bîstem de
Tevgera çandî ya Kurd di sedsala bîstem de – beşa 3yem
Çiya Ezîzî

#Tevgera çandî# ya Kurd li Rûsiyayê
Em bi pêşkêşkirina pêgeha çandî ya Kurdên Rûsyayê bi vê nêrîna giştî bo tevgera Kurd (1) bi dawî dibin. Ger em di warê hejmara rûniştiyan de helsengandinê bikin hejmara rûniştiyên Kurdên Rûsiyayê li gorî rûniştiyên Kurdên li Rojhilata Navîn pir kêm e; Lê di warê îtirafkirin bi mafên wan de em dikarin bêjin ku Yekîtîya Soviyetê take welatê cîhanê bû ku îtiraf bi mafê neteweyî yê Kurdan kiriye û lewam jî Kurdên Rûsiyayê ji çalakiyên edebî, dibistan, çapxaneya bi zimanê Kurdî û bernameyên radyoyê sûd wergirtine.
Lêkolîner û zanayên Rûsiye bûne sedema serfiraziya hejmareke zêde ji rewşenbîr û nivîskarên ciwan ên vî welatî. Li Ermenistan û Gurcistanê dibistanên seretayî û navîn bi Kurdî hebûne. Li Êrîvanê, kurseke Kurdolojî li Peymangeha Perwerdehî ya Ermenistanê hatiye avakirin û ji aliyê Kurdnasên Ermenistanê ve li Êrîvanê gelek pirtûkên dersê yên ji bo bikaranîna dibistanên zimanê Kurdî hatine çapkirin. Di nav wan de mirov dikare îşare bi berhemên (T. Maragulov) û (R. Drambjan) bike, û piştî sala 1936an pirtûkên Kurdî ji aliyê nivîskarên Kurd “Emînê Evdal” û (W. Nadri) û hwd hatine çapkirin.
Emînê Evdal
Di dawiyê de, her ji destpêka şer ve du rêzmanên gelek tevaw ji aliyê (K. Kuedoev) û (L. L. Sekerman) ve li Êrîvan û Moskowê hatine belavkirin.
Yek ji pirtûkên Soviyeta Berê
Dîroka ji nû hatî çêkirin ya edeba Kurdî ya Rûsiyê vedigere bo wê serdemê ku elfabeya Kurdî hate guherîn bo latînî û çendîn berhem di warê helbest, çîrok û roman de li xwe digire. Di Tebaxa sala 1958an de, li kongireya dersxwanên geştyar li Ewropayê hate ragihandin ku di heyama sê salên borî de zêdetirî 1500 cild pirtûk û gotar bi zimanê Kurdî li Rûsiyayê hatine nivîsandin û weşandin. Berhemên navdartirîn nivîskarên Kurdên Rûsiyê yên wekî Erebê Şemo, Heciyê Cindî, Lazo, Qasik, Mirad û Nadrê Sîwas bûn, ku piranî li Êrîvanê çap dibûn. Herwisa rojnameya Rêya Taze ji sala 1939an ve hefteyê du caran li Êrîvanê dihate çapkirin. Di navbera salên 1939-1954an de çend dîwanên helbestvan û nivîskarên Kurd li Êrîvanê bi serpereştiya C. Celîl hatine çapkirin.
Erebê Şemo
Di sala 1922an de elfabeya Kurdî bo elfabeya Ermenî hate guherîn û paşê jî di sala 1926an de ji aliyê (Aissor Marogulov) û Erebê Şemo ve bo elfabeya latînî hatiye guhertin û di sala 1928an de ev guherinkariye hate nasandin.
Elfabeya Kurdî ya Şemo- Marogulof
(Grammatica Kurkoyo jazyka).
Di sala 1944 û 1945an de elfabeya Sîrîlîkî (elfabeya Êslavî) ku 39 nîşanekên wê hebûn (neh nîşane dengdar û sî nîşane bêdeng) û ji aliyê hin wêjevanên wek (Kapacjan) û “Heciyê Cindî” ve hate amadekirin û cihê elfabeya latînî girt ku (K.Kurdoev) di berhema bi nav û banga xwe de bi navê Rêzmana Zimanê Kurdî (Grammatica Kurkoyo jazyka) xişteya helsengandin a pên cure ji elfabeya Kurdî bi vî rengî amade kiriye:
Elfabeya Erebî- elfabeya Sîrîlîk 1945 û latîniya Rûsî 1927 û latîna Sûrî û latîna Iraqî.
Hewce ye ku ji bîra me be etnolojiya Rûsî li bajarên Moskow Lînîngirad bi lez geşe dike û gelek ji Kurdnasên zanîngehên cuda koka wan Kurd e.
Çavkanî:
1.CD.Larticle ires dicumente de M.A.Benningsen٫ les kurdes la kurdologic en union sovietique paru dans les cahier du monde Russe et sovietique vol i_i٫ avril_Juin1960.
2.. le problème kurde - joyce blau
3. Geew Mukriani.Dictionaric arabe_ kurde de 15000 mots.
4. cahier N I.Note sur lalphet Kurdc..
5 CF.R.P.Thomas Bios. Op cit PP212_213. CF egalemnt C.J.R.A.C.S. 1954.
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