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Eine Teppichweberin in Til Hemis
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Eine Teppichweberin in Til Hemis

Eine Teppichweberin in Til Hemis
Das Kunst- und Kulturzentrum im nordsyrischen Til Hemis unterstützt Teppichweberinnen, um zur Erhaltung und Weiterentwicklung des kulturellen Erbes der Region beizutragen. Eine von ihnen ist Şêxa Şelo, die das Handwerk bereits als junges Mädchen erlernte.
Das Teppichknüpfen ist eines der ältesten Kunsthandwerke der Menschheit. So alt, dass einige der Knüpftraditionen im Iran, Aserbaidschan und Kirgisistan, aber auch in Bulgarien und Rumänien von der UNESCO als immaterielles Kulturerbe der Menschheit geschützt werden.

Bis heute ist allerdings nicht klar, ob das Teppichknüpfen in nomadischen oder sesshaften Gesellschaften entstanden ist. Das Problem der Archäologie besteht darin, dass Textilien durch Abnutzung, Insektenfraß und Umweltbedingungen kaum erhalten bleiben. Nur in äußerst kalten oder salzigen Regionen überdauern Teppichfragmente schon einmal die Jahrhunderte. Seltener finden sie sich auch in trockenen Regionen. Als Ursprung des Teppichs wird Zentralasien angenommen.

Die wahrscheinlich ältesten Quellen, die Teppiche erwähnen, sind Keilschriften auf Tontafeln aus den königlichen Archiven von Mari, einem mesopotamischen Stadtstaat im heutigen Tell Hariri in Syrien, aus dem zweiten Jahrtausend v. Chr.

In Til Hemis versucht das Zentrum für Kunst und Kultur, trotz Kriegen und Aggressionen zur Erhaltung und Weiterentwicklung des kulturellen Erbes beizutragen. Es hat den Verlust des Teppichknüpfens früh genug erkannt und Initiativen ins Leben gerufen, die dem entgegenwirken sollen, dass das Handwerk von der Industrie oder dem Krieg verdrängt wird, und die Tradition wiederbeleben sollen. Eine der Teppichherstellerinen, die vom Kulturzentrum unterstützt werden, ist Şêxa Şelo. Sie betreibt eine kleine Teppichweberei und wird mit Webrahmen, Knüpfmaterial, Farben und anderen nötigen Utensilien versorgt. Für handgeknüpfte Teppiche werden überwiegend natürliche Fasern verwendet. Die häufigsten Materialien sind Wolle, Seide, und Baumwolle. Nomaden verwenden auch Ziegenhaar und Kamelwolle.

„Ich habe das Teppichknüpfen bereits als Kind von meiner Mutter erlernt“, erklärt Şelo. Zwar verdiene sie sich damit ihren Unterhalt und sichere das Überleben ihrer Familie, in erster Linie gehe es ihr aber darum, das Kulturerbe Syriens zu erhalten. „Das Teppichknüpfen ist für mich eine große Leidenschaft. Die Wiederbelebung der alten Knüpftraditionen mit handgesponnener, traditionell gefärbter Wolle bedeutet mir sehr viel. Ich wünsche mir, dass das Interesse auch bei anderen Frauen erwacht und sie zu einer Teppich-Renaissance beitragen werden. Es geht schließlich um unsere Kultur.“[1]
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[1] Website | Deutsch | anfdeutsch.com 17-01-2020
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Group: Articles
Articles language: Deutsch
Publication date: 17-01-2020 (4 Year)
Content category: Culture
Country - Province: West Kurdistan
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Language - Dialect: German
Publication Type: Born-digital
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Added by ( Hazhar Kamala ) on 27-03-2024
This article has been reviewed and released by ( Sara Kamela ) on 27-03-2024
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Articles - Content category - Kurdish Issue Articles - Content category - History Articles - Document Type - Original language Articles - Publication Type - Born-digital Articles - Language - Dialect - English Articles - Cities - Qameeshly Articles - Cities - Erbil Articles - Country - Province - South Kurdistan Articles - Country - Province - West Kurdistan Articles - Party - Kurdistan Workers Party PKK

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