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Çaldıran (Van)

Çaldıran (Van)
=KTML_Bold=Çaldıran (#Van#)=KTML_End=
Çaldıran (kurdisch Ebex) ist eine Stadtgemeinde (Belediye) im gleichnamigen Landkreis in der ostanatolischen Provinz Van und gleichzeitig eine Gemeinde der 2012 geschaffenen Büyükşehir belediyesi Van (Großstadtgemeinde/Metropolprovinz Van). Seit der Gebietsreform 2013 ist die Gemeinde flächen- und einwohnermäßig identisch mit dem Landkreis.

Çaldıran liegt im Nordosten der Provinz und grenzt im Norden an die Provinz Ağrı und im Osten an den Iran (Distrikt Tschaldiran). Die Gemeinde liegt an der D975, die Iğdır im Norden mit Hakkâri im Süden verbindet.

Die Region war lange zwischen den Osmanen und den Safawiden umkämpft und wechselte oft den Besitzer. Eine der Entscheidungsschlachten fand 1514 in der Çaldıran-Ebene statt (Schlacht bei Tschaldiran). Der genaue Ort ist nicht bekannt. Die moderne osmanische Armee besiegte die Safawiden und beendete deren Einflussnahme in Ostanatolien. Der endgültige Grenzverlauf wurde 1639 mit dem Vertrag von Qasr-e Schirin festgelegt. Im Ersten Weltkrieg wurde die Region von den Russen besetzt, die sich 1917 wieder zurückzogen. Mit dem Untergang des osmanischen Reiches wurde Çaldıran Teil der Republik Türkei.

=KTML_Bold=Geografie=KTML_End=
Die Gemeinde ist gebirgig, während die Stadt in der Çaldıran-Ebene liegt. Im Norden gibt es Ausläufer des Tendürek Dağı. Andere hohe Berge sind der Bemraz Dağı (2690 m), Köse Dağı (2646 m), Miladirij Dağı (2611 m), Pireşit Dağı (3109 m), Kebir Dağı (2539 m), Elegan Dağı (2653 m), Aktaş Dağı (2844 m), Dumanlı Dağı (3061 m), Alikelle Dağı (2726 m), Boz Dağı (2593 m) und der Kaf Dağı (2464 m). An Gewässern gibt es den Hındırmenteş-See und den Fluss Bendimahi Çayı, der in den Vansee mündet.

Der Kreis war bis zu seiner Abspaltung und Gründung ein gleichnamiger Bucak im Kreis Muradiye. Er bestand aus der Belediye Çaldıran und 63 Dörfern (mit 49,1 % der Bevölkerung des Kreises Muradiye, Volkszählung 1985) und wurde durch das Gesetz Nr. 3392 vom 4. Juli 1987 selbständig.

Bis Ende 2012 bestand der Kreis neben der Kreisstadt (mit 6 Mahalle) aus 64 Dörfern (Köy). Durch die Verwaltungsreform von 2013 wurden diese Dörfer in Mahalle umgewandelt, so dass deren Zahl von 6 auf 70 stieg. Den Mahalle steht als höchster Beamter ein Muhtar vor, der direkt dem Oberbürgermeister (Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanı) unterstellt ist.

Durchschnittlich bewohnen 828 jeden Mahalle, Soğuksu ist mit 2.392 Einwohnern der bevölkerungsreichste (und war es auch schon als Köy). Seit 1987 hat Çaldıran den Status einer Gemeinde (Belediye).[1]

Im Jahre 1990 wurde in Çaldıran mit −46,4 °C der absolute Kälterekord der Türkei gemessen.
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Sources
[1] Website | Deutsch | https://de.wikipedia.org
Related files: 1
Linked items: 10
1. Places Van
2. Places Bahçesaray (Van)
3. Places Başkale (Van)
4. Places Çatak (Van)
5. Places Erciş (Van)
6. Places Gevaş (Van)
7. Places Gürpınar (Van)
8. Places Muradiye (Van)
9. Places Van Gölü
Group: Places
Articles language: Deutsch
Cities: Van
Country - Province: North Kurdistan
Extermination and deportation: Yes
Language - Dialect: Kurdish - Kurmanji - Slavic
Part of the Anfal operations: Yes
Place: Town
Topography: Hillside
Topography: Mountainous
Topography: Plain area
Topography: On a lake
Technical Metadata
Item Quality: 99%
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Added by ( Hazhar Kamala ) on 18-09-2024
This article has been reviewed and released by ( Sara Kamela ) on 18-09-2024
This item recently updated by ( Sara Kamela ) on: 18-09-2024
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Attached files - Version
Type Version Editor Name
Photo file 1.0.186 KB 18-09-2024 Hazhar KamalaH.K.
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هەورامی - Kurdish Hawrami 
66,414
عربي - Arabic 
32,828
کرمانجی - Upper Kurdish (Arami) 
20,350
فارسی - Farsi 
11,710
English - English 
7,823
Türkçe - Turkish 
3,690
Deutsch - German 
1,809
لوڕی - Kurdish Luri 
1,690
Pусский - Russian 
1,144
Français - French 
349
Nederlands - Dutch 
131
Zazakî - Kurdish Zazaki 
91
Svenska - Swedish 
72
Polski - Polish 
56
Español - Spanish 
55
Italiano - Italian 
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Հայերեն - Armenian 
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27
日本人 - Japanese 
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Fins - Finnish 
12
Português - Portuguese 
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