Name: Bibi Maryam
Father Name: Hussein
Year Of Birth: 1874
Year Of Death: 1937
Place Of Birth: Lorestan
Place Of Death: Tehran
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The revolutionary Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari, 1874 AD - 1937 AD. The Kurdish revolutionary Bibi Meryemî Bextiyarî was born in the year 1874 AD, in Lorestan al-Kabra, southeast of Kurdistan. The revolutionary (Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari), she is the daughter of Hussein Quli Khan Bakhtiari, the leader of the Bakhtiari tribe, who was killed in the year 1882 AD, by the shadow of Sultan Masoud Mirza son of Nasir al-Din Shah al-Qajari, She is the sister of Ali Quli Khan Bakhtiari who liberated in the year 1909 AD the city of Shahr Kurd, the capital of the Greater Lorestan Province, expelled the shadow of Sultan Masoud Mirza, the murderer of his father from the city of Isfahan, conquered the city of Tehran, and supported the conditional movement. Constitutional Muhammad Ali Shah Qajar, She is also the mother of the revolutionary Ali Mardan Khan Bakhtiari, who was executed by Reza Shah Pahlavi in the year 1934 AD. The revolutionary Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari participated in the year 1909 AD, along with her brother Ali Quli Khan Bakhtiari - Sardar Asaad Khannand her son Ali Mardan Khan Bakhtiari with the knights of her tribe Bakhtiari in the conditional constitutional revolution against Muhammad Ali Shah Qajari, As an activist and military leader, And she played a distinguished role when the knights of the Bakhtiari tribe, led by her brother Ali Quli Khan Bakhtiari, and with the help of modern weapons from the German Empire, succeeded in seizing the Qajar capital, Tehran, as part of the revolutionary campaign to force the Qajar government to carry out democratic reforms. Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari was an educated and enlightened woman at the beginning of the twentieth century AD. She was one of the most prominent activists in the field of women's rights and a pioneer of freedom movements during the days of the conditional constitutional revolution. Due to the nature of her nomadic life, Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari was skilled in archery and craft techniques. Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari was a major supporter of her brother (Ali Quli Khan Sardar Asaad Bakhtiari) for the conquest of the city of Tehran, Through many letters and telegrams and her interesting and effective lectures, She also prepared the knights of her tribe Bakhtiari to fight the tyranny of (Muhammad Ali Shah Qajar), In the year 1909 AD, and before the conquest of the city of Tehran, Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari moved to Tehran accompanied by some skilled Bakhtiari warriors, and she stayed there in the house of her murdered father Hussein Quli Khan to plan a guerrilla war, And when the forces of the Constitutional Revolution led by her brother Ali Quli Khan Sardar Asaad Bakhtiari arrived in Tehran, she and her husband joined those forces against the forces of Muhammad Ali Shah Qajari, And Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari personally carried the gun and fought alongside the constitutional revolutionaries and the knights of the Bakhtiari tribe against the Cossack forces supporting Muhammad Ali Shah Qajar, And because of her courage in fighting and her technical skills in disarming the forces supporting Muhammad Ali Shah Qajar, her popularity increased, until she received the honorary rank of (Sardar), which means (Supreme Commander), and she was known as (Sardar Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari). In the year 1929 AD, her son Ali Mardan Khan Bakhtiari led a revolution in the Greater Lorestan Province against the Pahlavi rule that lasted for 5 years. Until the Pahlavi forces arrested him in the year 1934 AD, and he was executed in the same year in the (Qasr) prison in the Pahlavi capital, Tehran, by order of Reza Shah Pahlavi. The revolutionary Bibi Maryam Bakhtiari died in the year 1937 AD, and her body was buried in (Takiyet Amir) dedicated to the mausoleums of the nobles and notables of the Bakhtiari tribe, in the cemetery (Takht Foolad) in the city of Isfahan in Persia.[1] [2]